xy 于 2000/02/07 09:06:15 发表在 汉英
最近作了一份文件，英文很好，本应可以译成很好的中文的，无奈功力不到，心有余力不足，催的又紧，先交了差，但心里还是放不下，拿出几句来，请教各位，若能象方壶斋兄那样上升到“增字译法”之类的理论就更感激不尽了。
刚才在word上还有划线，拷过来就不见了，只好用括弧代替。
1. In systems where it is well-developed, the rule of law is a much broader and more deeply rooted social and cultural structure. It effectively （anchors） and stabilizes legality, while maintaining a firm connection to social development and change, ensuring that laws and legal practices keep pace. This has profound implications for those（ seeking to develop the rule of law where it is absent, in particular, if it has been absent for some time or never existed to begin with.）
2. It is also possible to provide the infrastructure needed to make the rule of law（ both viable and preferable to other means of governance,） but one must be realistic in assessing goals and expectations.
3. The details of rule-making may vary, but the basic rules themselves must exist （when called upon）.
Legal systems commonly incorporate legislative mechanisms that develop or adjust laws to keep pace with social changes and judicial and advisory mechanisms to interpret and apply general rules to specific situations. （Underlying these are default rules that govern situations in which no other rule exists）.
4. In criminal justice systems, the principle nulla poena sine lege --that there be no criminal liability or punishment unless （the act committed constituted an offence in law when it occurred）--is an example of this.
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作者：xy - 2000/02/07 09:31:25
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5.The essence of judicial decision-making is thta it involves the application of lagal rules and not other less tangible considerations to whatever facts are at hand.
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先译一段，业余水平的。
作者：Last Hermit - 2000/02/07 10:28:44
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1. In systems where it is well-developed, the rule of law is a much broader and more deeply rooted social and cultural structure. It effectively （anchors） and stabilizes legality, while maintaining a firm connection to social development and change, ensuring that laws and legal practices keep pace. This has profound implications for those（ seeking to develop the rule of law where it is absent, in particular, if it has been absent for some time or never existed to begin with.）
但凡制度比较完善者，其法津所管辖的范围都比较宽，且深深地根植于社会文化基础之上。一方面唯法律之马首是瞻，另一方面又紧密地与社会的发展和变化联系在一起，使法律与司法步调一致。这对于那些曾有过一段时期出现法律真空，或根本从来没有实施过法治的来说，其意义尤其深远。
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Meunique
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谢谢！
作者：xy - 2000/02/08 05:17:45
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尤其喜欢您的第一句。将您的第一句以及后面的一些用词与野草君的结合起来 ，便成为极出色的译文，second to none. 再谢！
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别客气！说过是业余水平的。不过，您那原文好象还不够磨牙，是专业文章里的吗？
作者：Last Hermit - 2000/02/08 06:44:12
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Meunique
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好极了，以后碰上够磨牙的句子，一定专门发给您去磨:)))
作者：xy - 2000/02/08 07:13:46
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No problem, if my wisdom teeth have fully erupted!^)^
作者：Last Hermit - 2000/02/08 08:23:52
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Meunique
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也增俩词试试
作者：hz - 2000/02/07 14:19:51
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5.The essence of judicial decision-making is thta it involves the application of lagal rules and not other less tangible considerations to whatever facts are at hand.
法庭决定的精髓在于它是依照(明确的)法律准则，而非模糊的(一般性)考虑，来处理所掌握的事实(证据)。
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增的好，谢谢！
作者：xy - 2000/02/08 05:11:22
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再试
作者：hz - 2000/02/08 11:41:07
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Legal systems commonly incorporate legislative mechanisms that develop or adjust laws to keep pace with social changes and judicial and advisory mechanisms to interpret and apply general rules to specific situations. （Underlying these are default rules that govern situations in which no other rule exists）.
一般说来，法制体系是立法系统、司法系统和顾问(?)系统这三者协同构成的。前者(负责)依照社会状况
的变迁来调整和完善法律；后两者(的职责)则在于针对个别情况，对普遍性的准则加以具体解释和运用。
而在所有这些(明文)准则之下，又存在着一套不成文的规则，在明文准则不可及的地方调控掌管着一切。
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又续
作者：xy - 2000/02/08 09:53:26
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The following sentence is related to environmental monitoring of circumterrestrial space. I wonder if Last Hermit finds it hard enough for his wisdom teeth:-)
...the development of a system of prompt data coverage of incidents involving dangerous approaches between space objects or their uncontrolled re-entry into the dense layers of the atmosphere.
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睡前啃一下……
作者：Last Hermit - 2000/02/08 11:03:33
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...the development of a system of prompt data coverage of incidents involving dangerous approaches between space objects or their uncontrolled re-entry into the dense layers of the atmosphere.
开发一套系统，使之为宇宙物体的活动提供即时的数据，包括出现危险距离以及由于失控而重返大气致／稠密层时的活动。
危险距离：属危险译法，不知当否？
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Meunique
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草草试译一段，先求意思准确无误，再求其它
作者：野草 - 2000/02/07 15:20:00
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In systems where it is well-developed, the rule of law is a much broader and more deeply rooted social and cultural structure. It effectively （anchors） and stabilizes legality, while maintaining a firm connection to social development and change, ensuring that laws and legal practices keep pace. This has profound implications for those（ seeking to develop the rule of law where it is absent, in particular, if it has been absent for some time or never existed to begin with.）
凡是法治健全的国度，其法治无非是涉面更广、根基更深的社会文化结构而已。这种结构有效地为司法制度的稳定提供了基点，又同社会的发展变化息息相关，从而保证法律与司法步调一致。这一点，对于那些有意建立法治的国度，尤其是已经多年不讲法治、或者根本从未有过法治的国度，特别具有深远的启发意义。
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再译两句
作者：野草 - 2000/02/07 20:35:42
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to make the rule of law both viable and preferable to other means of governance
使法治比其它治理手段显得更可行更可取
The details of rule-making may vary, but the basic rules themselves must exist （when called upon）. 制定法规，具体做法细节可以不同，但现成的基本法律本身却非有不可，以备需要时有章可循。
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得寸进尺
作者：xy - 2000/02/08 04:12:21
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野草君，如有时间而且方便的话，能否将您译这几句的方法、思路给我们说说，一是新野比较笨，不点不明:-))，二是您说说，肯定会使他人也受益，日前不是有人请求办个翻译讲座之类吗？我这也算是为民请愿吧！ 谢在先了！
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太棒了
作者：xy - 2000/02/08 03:57:33
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真是too good to be true 了！:))) 要是用在我的译文中，审校非得问我是从哪儿抄来的不可！－－他也打算去抄。我不会轻易告诉他们的。
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看各位译文很有启发。挑个短句并容易点的凑译：
作者：北美 - 2000/02/07 19:52:47
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4. In criminal justice systems, the principle nulla poena sine lege --that there be no criminal liability or punishment unless
（the act committed constituted an offence in law when it occurred）--is an example of this.
......除非此行为在发生时已触犯法律--
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Oops,怎么不见正文？再输一次。
作者：北美 - 2000/02/07 20:18:30
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4. In criminal justice systems, the principle nulla poena sine lege --that there be no criminal liability or punishment unless
（the act committed constituted an offence in law when it occurred）--is an example of this.
......(除非)在该行为发生时已触犯刑事法律--
PS:“an offence in law " 是否应该为 "an offence against law"?
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谢谢凑译，但是
作者：xy - 2000/02/08 04:29:30
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您是新来的吧？您这网名起的范围够大的，我一下都没反应过来。您看，楼上古月君的帖子里还有您呢，“北美”！如果译成Northern Beauty 还挺美，可我相信99.5％会将其译成North America的，成了地理名词了。我们这儿时兴知无不言，言无不尽，您别在意，更别吓跑，这挺好的地方，常来！
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增词译法不是鄙人的理论，也是学来的。
作者：方壶斋 - 2000/02/07 20:40:52
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那也无妨，反正我是从您这儿听来的，再谢！
作者：xy - 2000/02/08 05:35:58
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